product life cycle

product life cycle　产品寿命周期　

Four distinct but not wholly-predictable stages during which every product goes through from its introduction to withdrawal from the market：（1）introduction，（2）growth in sales revenue，（3）maturity，during which sales revenue stabilizes，and（4）decline，when sales revenue starts to fall and eventually vanishes or becomes too little to be viable.As a product moves through these stages，its pricing，promotion，packaging，and distribution are re-evaluated and changed if required to prolong its life.In summary，it is the journey from“new and exciting”to“old and dated.”product life cycle cost　产品寿命周期成本　sum of all recurring and one-time（non-recurring）costs over the full life span or a specified period of a good，service，structure，or system.